Human milk is recognized as the optimal source of nutrition for all infants. It is considered to fully meet the nutritional needs of an infant until approximately six months of age. Breastfeeding is a process interlinked with human nature, the female body during pregnancy is prepared to be ready to provide breast milk to the newborn from the first hour of life.
There are multiple benefits of breastfeeding. For the newborn, it contributes to better functioning of the gastrointestinal system, reduces the risk of respiratory infections and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). At the same time, in the long term it seems to reduce the likelihood of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular disease and certain malignancies. As for the mother, it helps to reduce stress, body weight after pregnancy and also the likelihood of breast, ovarian and uterine malignancies and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It should also be mentioned the contribution to strengthening the mother-baby bond, as well as saving money and time.
Although the decision to breastfeed a newborn seems to be an easy one, it might be useful to inform pregnant women about the basics of breastfeeding before delivery or even after birth through the guidance of their pediatrician or a midwife.
Breastfeeding should begin in the first hours of life of the newborn, in contact with the mother’s skin. The ‘best’ breastfeeding position seems to be the one that is comfortable for the mother and the newborn (perhaps the mother should familiarize herself with the breastfeeding positions before delivery or seek help from an experienced health worker). Correct positioning and attachment is the most important thing for successful breastfeeding, otherwise nipples may be injured. The first milk that is produced is called colostrum, which is small in quantity but enough to cover the caloric needs of breastfeeding infant. The duration of meals varies, allowing the infant to breastfeed ‘actively’ for as long as he or she wishes. Initially, feedings are frequent, 8 to 12 (maybe more), but as the days pass, the amount of breast milk and the frequency of feedings adjust to the evolving needs of the infant.
A balanced diet is essential for the breastfeeding mother, and she should simply follow her hunger and thirst without going overboard. It is recommended that the mother should rest during the hours the newborn sleeps, in order to cope with the challenges of the first few days.
Breastfeeding is a truly unique experience that a mother should enjoy.
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